MISSING QUESTIONS:

- Corrections to any errors
- Dates (and ideally times and apogees) of remaining launches in 1970s
- Which pads and launch ramps used for which sounding rocket launches

CSG

The Centre Spatial Guyanais near Kourou, Guyane francaise,
was established by France after the Hammaguir base in Algeria was
evacuated in 1967.

There is a launch area for sounding rockets which was used mostly from
1968 to 1971. Some Eridan launches were made in 1979 to test the
Ariane tracking network.
The Fusee-Sondes complex has 4 pads arranged in a semicircle.
There is one pad for liquid rockets (Veronique/Vesta)
and three for solid rockets: a ramp for Dragon class vehicles,
a Sermiat ramp originally for military missiles (e.g. Belier),
and another ramp. The meteorological rockets used all three ramps.


The Diamant launch pad was the first to be used for orbital launches,
in the French national program.

The CECLES (ELDO) launch pad was built for use with Europa II.
In the event only one unsuccessful launch was made. The pad was
later refurbished to become ELA1, the first Ariane pad.
Construction on ELA1 began in Jan 1976 with the teardown of the
CECLES pad; it was hampered by six months of rain, long remembered
at the base.
ELA1 was closed down in the late 1980s but may reopen to support
the new Vega light launcher.

The ELA2 pad was developed to support Ariane 4, and the ELA3 pad
(sometimes referred to as ZL3, Zone de Lancement 3) is for Ariane 5.
The ELA pads are close together at the west end of the base,
with the Fusee-Sondes complex at the east end and the Diamant
pad in the middle. All the pads are to the north of the main road
(the old route of RN1) close to the ocean.


\begin{longtable}{llllll}
\caption{CSG Launch Pads}\\
\\
Pad  & Name           & Lat & Long            & Usage      & LV  \\
ALFS & AL Fusee-Sondes& 05 12.5N  & 052 43.9W & 1968-1979  & Veronique (1968-1973)\\
     &                &           &           &            & Eridan    (1968-1979)\\
     &                &           &           &            & Belier    (1969-1970)\\
     &                &           &           &            & Dragon     (1969) \\
     &                &           &           &            & Nike Cajun (1971-1974)\\
     &                &           &           &            & Centaure   (1971) \\
     &                &           &           &            & Dauphin    (1971-1978) \\
     &                &           &           &            & Arcas     (1974)\\
     &                &           &           &            & UNKNOWN  (1974 Nov)\\
ALD  & AL Diamant     & 05 14.0N  &052 45.1W  & 1970-1975  & Diamant B, B P.4\\
ELA1 & AL CECLES      & 05 14.15N &052 46.48W & 1971       & Europa 2 \\
     & ELA1           &           &           & 1979-1989  & Ariane 1-3\\
ELA2 & ELA2           & 05 13.93N &052 46.53W & 1986-      & Ariane 3,4\\  % WGS72
ELA3 & ELA3           & 05 14.25N &052 45.64W & 1996-      & Ariane 5\\ % GPS WGS84
\end{longtable}

ELA is Ensemble de Lancement Ariane.
AL is Aire de Lancement.